Pin Configuration & Wiring¶

Pin Layout Overview¶

The Kaush Sound Sensor v1.0 features a compact 8-pin interface that provides maximum flexibility for different applications and microcontroller platforms.

Detailed Pin Layout

Detailed pin layout with electrical specifications

Pin Definitions¶

Power Pins¶

VCC (Positive Power Supply)¶

Voltage Range: 4V to 12V DC
Current Draw: 4mA quiescent, 15mA peak
Recommended: 5V (Arduino) or 9V (battery)
Protection: ⚠️ Not Reverse Polarity Protected
Connection: Two power connection pins provided

GND (Ground Reference)¶

Function: 0V reference and return path
Connection: Must connect to microcontroller ground
Important: Single ground point recommended

Signal Output Pins¶

FILTERED_OUT (RC Filtered Output)¶

Signal Type: Analog, AC-coupled
Baseline: VCC/2 (Half supply voltage)
Amplitude: 0.5V to 3V peak-to-peak
Bandwidth: ~20Hz to 10kHz (-3dB)
Impedance: <1kΩ output impedance
Best For: General audio processing, speech recognition

RAW_OUT (Unfiltered Output)¶

Signal Type: Analog, full bandwidth
Baseline: VCC/2
Amplitude: 0.5V to 3V peak-to-peak
Bandwidth: DC to 20kHz
Impedance: <500Ω output impedance
Best For: Maximum signal fidelity, custom filtering

PRE_AMP (Pre-Amplification Signal)¶

Signal Type: Analog, low amplitude
Baseline: VCC/2
Amplitude: 10mV to 200mV peak-to-peak
Gain: No LM386 amplification applied
Best For: Low-noise applications, external amplification

Platform-Specific Wiring¶

Arduino Nano Configuration¶

Arduino Nano Wiring Complete Arduino Nano connection diagram

Standard Connection¶

Kaush Sensor    →    Arduino Nano
VCC             →    5V
GND             →    GND
FILTERED_OUT    →    A0
RAW_OUT         →    A1 (optional)
PRE_AMP         →    A2 (optional)

Code Example¶

// Pin definitions
#define FILTERED_PIN A0
#define RAW_PIN A1
#define PREAMP_PIN A2

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  // Analog pins are input by default
}

void loop() {
  int filtered = analogRead(FILTERED_PIN);
  int raw = analogRead(RAW_PIN);
  int preamp = analogRead(PREAMP_PIN);

  Serial.print("Filtered: "); Serial.print(filtered);
  Serial.print(" Raw: "); Serial.print(raw);
  Serial.print(" PreAmp: "); Serial.println(preamp);

  delay(1); // 1ms = 1kHz sampling
}

ESP32 Configuration¶

ESP32 wiring with voltage considerations

ESP32 Connection¶

Kaush Sensor    →    ESP32
VCC             →    5V
GND             →    GND
FILTERED_OUT    →    36

ESP8266 Connection¶

Kaush Sensor    →    ESP8266
VCC             →    3V3(3.3V)
GND             →    GND
FILTERED_OUT    →    A0

Voltage Warning

ESP8266 analog input is 0-1V only! Use voltage divider for 3.3V sensor output:

WiFi-Enabled Code Example¶

#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>

#define SENSOR_PIN A0
const char* ssid = "your_wifi_name";
const char* password = "your_password";

WiFiServer server(80);

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  server.begin();
}

void loop() {
  int sensorValue = analogRead(SENSOR_PIN);
  // Scale from 1024 to compensate for voltage divider
  float actualVoltage = (sensorValue / 1024.0) * 3.3 * 1.67;

  WiFiClient client = server.available();
  if (client) {
    client.print("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Type: text/plain\r\n\r\n");
    client.print("Sound Level: ");
    client.println(actualVoltage);
    client.stop();
  }

  delay(10);
}

Raspberry Pi Configuration¶

Using MCP3008 ADC (Recommended)¶

Kaush Sensor    →    MCP3008 ADC    →    Raspberry Pi
VCC             →    VDD (3.3V)     →    3.3V (Pin 1)
GND             →    VSS/AGND       →    GND (Pin 6)
FILTERED_OUT    →    CH0            →    
                     SCLK           →    GPIO 11 (Pin 23)
                     MOSI           →    GPIO 10 (Pin 19)  
                     MISO           →    GPIO 9 (Pin 21)
                     CS             →    GPIO 8 (Pin 24)

Python Code Example¶

import spidev
import time

# Setup SPI for MCP3008
spi = spidev.SpiDev()
spi.open(0, 0)  # Bus 0, Device 0
spi.max_speed_hz = 1350000

def read_adc(channel):
    # MCP3008 protocol
    r = spi.xfer2([1, (8 + channel) << 4, 0])
    adc_out = ((r[1] & 3) << 8) + r[2]
    return adc_out

try:
    while True:
        sensor_value = read_adc(0)  # Channel 0
        voltage = (sensor_value / 1023.0) * 3.3
        print(f"Sensor: {sensor_value:4d} Voltage: {voltage:.2f}V")
        time.sleep(0.1)

except KeyboardInterrupt:
    spi.close()

Advanced Wiring Configurations¶

Multi-Sensor Setup¶

Stereo Configuration (2 Sensors)¶

Sensor 1 (Left):
VCC → 5V (shared)
GND → GND (shared)  
FILTERED_OUT → A0

Sensor 2 (Right):
VCC → 5V (shared)
GND → GND (shared)
FILTERED_OUT → A1

4-Sensor Array¶

#define SENSOR_N A0  // North
#define SENSOR_S A1  // South  
#define SENSOR_E A2  // East
#define SENSOR_W A3  // West

void loop() {
  int north = analogRead(SENSOR_N);
  int south = analogRead(SENSOR_S);
  int east = analogRead(SENSOR_E);
  int west = analogRead(SENSOR_W);

  // Calculate sound direction
  float vertical = (north - south) / (float)(north + south);
  float horizontal = (east - west) / (float)(east + west);

  Serial.print("Direction - V: "); Serial.print(vertical);
  Serial.print(" H: "); Serial.println(horizontal);

  delay(10);
}

Signal Analysis Connections¶

Spectrum Analyzer Setup¶

Real-Time FFT Monitoring¶

#include "arduinoFFT.h"

#define SAMPLES 256
#define SAMPLING_FREQUENCY 2000

double vReal[SAMPLES];
double vImag[SAMPLES];
ArduinoFFT<double> FFT = ArduinoFFT<double>(vReal, vImag, SAMPLES, SAMPLING_FREQUENCY);

void loop() {
  // Collect samples
  for(int i = 0; i < SAMPLES; i++) {
    vReal[i] = analogRead(A0);
    vImag[i] = 0;
    delayMicroseconds(500); // 2kHz sampling
  }

  // Compute FFT
  FFT.windowing(FFT_WIN_TYP_HAMMING, FFT_FORWARD);
  FFT.compute(FFT_FORWARD);
  FFT.complexToMagnitude();

  // Find peak frequency
  double peak = FFT.majorPeak();
  Serial.print("Peak Frequency: ");
  Serial.println(peak);
}

PCB Integration¶

Direct PCB Mounting¶

Design Considerations¶

Ground Plane: Continuous ground under sensor
Power Filtering: Local bypass capacitors (0.1µF, 10µF)
Trace Width: Minimum 0.2mm for signals, 0.4mm for power
Keepout: Avoid switching signals near analog traces

Schematic Symbol¶

     Kaush_Sound_Sensor_v1.0
    ┌─────────────────────────┐
VCC │1                      5 │ PRE_AMP
GND │2                      4 │ RAW_OUT  
    │3                      3 │ FILTERED_OUT
    └─────────────────────────┘

Testing and Validation¶

Connection Verification¶

Step-by-Step Verification¶

Power Test: Measure VCC to GND voltage
Continuity: Verify all signal paths
Baseline Check: Measure outputs with no sound
Signal Test: Verify signal changes with audio input
Noise Check: Monitor for electrical interference

Signal Quality Assessment¶

Acceptable Signal Parameters¶

Baseline Stability: ±100mV drift maximum
Signal-to-Noise Ratio: >40dB
Frequency Response: Flat within ±3dB (100Hz-3kHz)
Distortion: <5% THD at normal levels

Troubleshooting Wiring Issues¶

Common Problems¶

No Signal Output¶

Check List:

✅ Power voltage within 4-12V range
✅ Ground connections secure
✅ Analog pin configured correctly
✅ Potentiometers not at minimum

Noisy Signals¶

Solutions:

Use shielded cables for long connections
Add ground plane under sensor
Separate analog and digital grounds
Filter power supply with capacitors

Incorrect Baseline¶

Causes & Fixes:

Wrong power voltage → Check with multimeter
Poor ground connection → Verify continuity
Test with another Kaush unit

Quick Reference Card¶

Pin Quick Reference

VCC: 4-12V DC power input
GND: Ground reference (0V)
FILTERED_OUT: Main analog output (recommended)
RAW_OUT: Unfiltered full-bandwidth output
PRE_AMP: Low-amplitude pre-amplification signal

Need wiring help? Check our video tutorials or troubleshooting guide.